Back to the Gallery of the Open Frontier

·         Japanese-American relocation / Construction / Building materials / Relocation camps

o        Description: This page contains information about Poston, Arizona. Construction continues on the War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry on the Colorado River Indian Reservation. Three units in the center are scheduled to house 20,000 eventually.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Construction / Relocation camps / Building materials

o        Description: This page contains information about Poston, Arizona. Construction continues on the relocation of evacuees of Japanese ancestry on the Colorado River Indian Reservation. Three units in the center are scheduled to house 20,000 evacuees eventually.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Construction / Relocation camps / Telephone lines / Utility poles

o        Description: This page contains information about Poston, Arizona. Civilian Conservation Corps telephone crew building telephone communications from Parker, Arizona to this War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Construction / Relocation camps / Trucks / Telephone lines / Utility poles

o        Description: This page contains information about Poston, Arizona. Civilian Conservation Corps telephone crew building telephone lines from Parker, Arizona to this War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Construction / Utility poles / Relocation camps

o        Description: This page contains information about Poston, Arizona. High tension poles being installed at this War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Beans

o        Description: This page contains information about Eden, Idaho. A view of a farm a few miles south of the Minidoka War Relocation Authority center. Beans are growing in the foreground.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Celery / Ranches / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Stockton, California. Weeding celery field on industrialized ranch in the Delta region, prior to evacuation. Farmers and other evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be given opportunities to follow their callings in War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Relocation camps

o        Description: This page contains information about Tule Lake Relocation Center, Newell, California. View of farm.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Relocation camps / Lakes & ponds

o        Description: This page contains information about Tule Lake, California. A panoramic view of the agricultural land which will be cultivated by evacuee farmers at this War Relocation Authority center. Tule Lake is shown in the background. (See also, C-53, C-54 and C-55 for complete panorama)

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Strawberries / Harvesting / Evacuations / Hills

o        Description: This page contains information about Near Mission San Jose, California. Family of Japanese ancestry laboring in their strawberry field at opening of harvest season. Note the distant Coast Range Hills and their farm homes and buildings that can be seen at the end of the strawberry rows. Evacuation is due in a few days.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Strawberries / Harvesting / Outbuildings / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Near Mission San Jose, California. Family of Japanese ancestry laboring in their strawberry field at opening of harvest season. Note the distant Coast Range Hills and their farm homes and buildings that can be seen at the end of the strawberry rows. Evacuation is due in a few days.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Strawberries / Hills / Harvesting / Hills / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Near Mission San Jose, California. Family of Japanese ancestry laboring in their strawberry field at opening of harvest season. Note the distant Coast Range Hills and their farm homes and buildings that can be seen at the end of the strawberry rows. Evacuation is due in a few days.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Strawberries / Irrigation

o        Description: This page contains information about Near Mission San Jose, Santa Clara County, California. Family labor in strawberry field at opening of 1942 season. Evacuation due in a few days. “For many years approximately 95% of California's strawberry crop has been produced by Japanese and this state has become third in the nation in the production of this crop. Evacuation of Japanese has left, in Santa Clara County alone, 50 unoccupied strawberry farms, crop value around $100,000 annually. In this state the Japanese cropped approximately 11,000 acres.“ --San Fransisco Chronicle, April 17, 1942. The workers in the field are members of or related to the family who operates the farm. During harvest season they work about 10 to 12 hours a day everyday except Saturday. Their home is seen beyond the strawberry rows. Note irrigation.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Students / Farming

o        Description: This page contains information about Near San Lorenzo, California. “Victory Corps“ weeding garlic field. Thirty- seven high school have been recruited and organized at the request of Caucasian growers to meet labor shortage. This land was part of acreage leased and operated by five farmers of Japanese ancestry, and their families, prior to the evacuation.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Students / Farming

o        Description: This page contains information about San Lorenzo, California. Evacuation of farmers of Japanese descent resulted in agricultural labor shortage on Pacific Coast acreage, such as the garlic field in Santa Clara County. High School boys were recruited to offset the shortage. Farmers and other evacuees will given opportunities to follow their callings at War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Students / Farming

o        Description: This page contains information about Near San Lorenzo, California. “Victory Corps“ weeding garlic field. Thirty-seven high school boys have been recruited and organized at the request of Caucasian growers to meet labor shortage. This land was part of the acreage leased and operated by five farmers of Japanese ancestry, and their families, prior to evacuation. Quarters of the farmers can be seen in the background.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Students / Farming

o        Description: This page contains information about Near San Lorenzo, California. “Victory Corps“ weeding garlic field. Thirty-seven high school boys have been recruited and organized at the request of Caucasian growers to meet labor shortage. This land was part of the acreage leased and operated by five farmers of Japanese ancestry, and their families, prior to evacuation.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Croplands / Wheat

o        Description: This page contains information about Eden, Idaho. A view of a wheat farm a few miles south of the Minidoka War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese descent.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Dental offices / Health care / Japanese-American assembly centers / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about San Bruno, California. The dental clinic in one of a group of four buildings devoted to medical services. All medical services at this assembly center are conducted by doctors and nurses of Japanese ancestry. After weeks of difficulty due to lack of equipment and facilities, they are now able to care for the needs of the 8,000 persons living in this center.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuation / Government documents

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. Exclusion Order posted at First and Front Streets directing removal of persons of Japanese ancestry from the first San Fransisco section to be effected by the evacuation.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuation / Government documents

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. On a brick wall beside air raid shelter poster, exclusion orders were posted at First and Front Streets directing removal of persons of Japanese ancestry from first San Fransisco section to be affected by evacuation. The order was issued April 1, 1942, by Lieutenant General J.L. DeWitt, and directed evacuation from this section by noon on April 7, 1942.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuation / Government documents / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. Saturday afternoon shoppers reading order directing evacuation of persons of Japanese ancestry. This store on Grant Avenue in Chinatown was vacated by an art dealer of Japanese descent. Evacuees will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuation / Restaurants / Women / Closed businesses / Children

o        Description: This page contains information about Los Angeles, California. A store for rent in “Little Tokyo“ after residents of Japanese ancestry were instructed to evacuate. This area is near the Civic Center in Los Angeles. Evacuees will be assigned to War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuation / Signs / Restaurants / Closed businesses

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. Entrance to a restaurant vacated by a proprietor of Japanese descent prior to evacuation. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Woodland, California. Entrance to American Legion Hall, now used by Wartime Civil Control Administration. Here persons of Japanese ancestry come to receive necessary assistance in the final arrangement of their affairs. There were approximately 450 persons evacuated from this area by train on the morning of this day. On the following morning the remaining 450 persons shall be evacuated. There are 64 such stations on the Pacific Coast.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Automobiles / Japanese-American assembly centers

o        Description: This page contains information about Arcadia, California. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry arriving at the Santa Anita Assembly center. As soon as housing facilities are available, evacuees will be transferred to War Relocation Authority centers to spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Beds / Luggage / Trucks

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. Boys of Japanese ancestry unloading bed-rolls and baggage, which they have brought from their homes to the Wartime Civil Control Administration station, awaiting evacuation to an Assembly center.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Bus stops / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about San Pedro, California. Scene at West Seventh and South Pacific Streets during evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry. These evacuees were sent to assembly center at Arcadia, California, prior to being assigned to War Relocation Authority centers.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Clergy / Identification tags

o        Description: This page contains information about Hayward, California. The Reverend John Carlos Derfelt, Baptist Minister, ties identification tag in cost lapel of the Reverend Sui Hiro of the San Lorenzo Holiness Church as he prepares to board evacuation bus. The Reverend Hiro is a graduate of the University of Tokyo. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Farewells / Bus stops / Identification tags / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about Centerville, California. A caucasian friend has come to say goodbye to his farmer friends of Japanese ancestry prior to their evacuation to an Assembly center.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Grocery stores / Signs / Logos / Mainstreets / Closed businesses

o        Description: This page contains information about Florin, California. View on main street of this little agriculture town in the center of the strawberry and grape-producing area occupied mostly by residents of Japanese ancestry. Evacuation is due in two days of people of Japanese descent from this community.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Guitars

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. Young musician of Japanese ancestry plays his guitar at the Wartime Civil Control Administration station. He is a member of the first contingent of over 600 persons of Japanese ancestry to be evacuated from San Fransisco.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Houses

o        Description: This page contains information about Los Angeles, California. The Sumi residence prior to evacuation of people of Japanese ancestry from this area which has been designated as a military zone. Evacuees will spend the duration in War Relocation Authority centers which are being built as rapidly as possible. In the meantime evacuees, are housed at assembly centers.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Houses / Signs / Secondhand sales / Children

o        Description: This page contains information about Sacramento, California. Preparations are being made for evacuation two days hence of all residents of Japanese ancestry from this city.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Luggage / Bus stops

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. Bed roll and baggage of evacuees of Japanese ancestry awaiting shipment from the Wartime Civil Control Administration station to an assembly center.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Luggage / Warehouses

o        Description: This page contains information about Woodland, California. Household goods belonging to evacuees of Japanese ancestry, stacked for storage. The Federal Reserve Bank is assisting, in conjunction with the Wartime Civil Control Administration, in the final settlement of their affairs.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Signs / Closed businesses

o        Description: This page contains information about Los Angeles, California. Sign in window in “Little Tokyo“ after residents of Japanese ancestry were instructed to evacuate. They will be assigned to War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Signs / Secondhand sales

o        Description: This page contains information about Sacramento, California. Evidence of evacuation is seen in the Japanese quarter two days prior to evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry from this city.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Stores & shops / Closed businesses

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. View of business district on Post Street in neighborhood occupied by residents of Japanese ancestry, before evacuation. Evacuees will be housed in War Relocation Authority Centers for duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Evacuations / Wine industry / Grapes

o        Description: This page contains information about Lodi, California. The scene in this vineyard was taken three days prior to evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Examinations / Health care / Hands / Japanese-American assembly centers / Identification tags / Arrivals

o        Description: This page contains information about Arcadia, California. Outstretched hands help physicians and nurses, also of Japanese ancestry, detect signes of skin infection among newcomers at Santa Anita assembly center. Evacuees are later transferred to War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmers / Evacuations / Farms / Japanese-Americans

o        Description: This page contains information about Woodland, California. Tenant farmer of Japanese ancestry who has just completed settlement of their affairs and everything is packed ready for evacuation on the following morning to an assembly center.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmers / Recording & registration / Japanese-Americans / Women / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Hayward, California. Harry Konda, farmer, discusses evacuation details with a representation of the Farm Security Administration. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmhouses / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Lodi, California. This farm home is owned by farmers of Japanese ancestry in the rich, highly productive area of San Joaquin County, three days prior to evacuation.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmhouses / Evacuations / Wine industry

o        Description: This page contains information about Lodi, California. A family of Japanese ancestry lived in this house and operated the surrounding vineyard in this grape-producing area in San Joaquin County, prior to evacuation. Horticulturists and other evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be given opportunities to follow their callings at War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmhouses / Evacuations / Wine industry / Grapes

o        Description: This page contains information about Lodi, California. Farm home of laborer of Japanese ancestry. This vineyard is in the highly productive area of San Joaquin County.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmhouses / Evacuations / Wine industry / Grapes

o        Description: This page contains information about Lodi, California. Where a day laborer of Japanese ancestry lived in the vineyard section of San Joaquin County, prior to evacuation. Horticulturists and other evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be given opportunities to follow their callings at War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farmhouses / Porches / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Near San Lorenzo, California. Close-up of one of the dwellings previously occupied by the five farmers of Japanese ancestry, and their families. On their leased land they produced garlic, onions, strawberries, etc. cooperatively.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farms / Berries / Farmhouses / Yugoslavians / Farmers / Porches

o        Description: This page contains information about Centerville, California. Yugoslavian farmer is taking over berry farm formerly operated by residents of Japanese ancestry, who are being sent to assembly points and later to be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farms / Berries / Out buildings / Roads

o        Description: This page contains information about Near Centerville, Alameda County, California. Japanese berry farm transferred to a Yugoslavian in United States since 1913.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farms / Croplands / Beans

o        Description: This page contains information about Eden, Idaho. A view of a farm a few miles south of the Minidoka War Relocation Authority center. Beans are growing in the foreground.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farms / Croplands / Beans

o        Description: This page contains information about Eden, Idaho. A view of a farm a few miles south of the Minidoka War Relocation Authority center. Beans are growing in the foreground.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farms / Croplands / Tomatoes / Berries / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Hayward, California (Hesperian Blvd.). A portion of Negi leased farm as seen from their water tower. The berry field is just coming into production and the young tomato plants in the covered tomato beds in the foreground are ready for marketing.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Farms / Potatoes / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about Stockton, California. Cutting potato seed on an industrialized farm where, before evacuation, all work was done by persons of Japanese ancestry. Evacuees will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Filipinos / Vending stands / Food vendors / Roads

o        Description: This page contains information about San Lorenzo, California. Fruit and vegetable stand on highway operated by Philipino. This year he is able to use his nationality in California as an advertisement for trade.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Fishing industry / Boats / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about San Pedro, California. Fishing boats, formerly operated by residents of Japanese ancestry, are tied up for the duration at Terminal Island in Los Angeles harbor. Note the “For Sale“ signs. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Funeral rites & ceremonies

o        Description: This page contains information about Topaz, Utah. Scene at James Wakasa funeral .

·         Japanese-American relocation / Funeral rites & ceremonies / Women / Children

o        Description: This page contains information about Topaz, Utah. Scene at James Wakasa funeral.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Funeral rites & ceremonies / Wreaths / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about Topaz, Utah. James Wakasa funeral scene. (The man shot by military sentry).

·         Japanese-American relocation / Funeral rites & ceremonies / Wreaths / Women / Children

o        Description: This page contains information about Topaz, Utah. James Wakasa funeral scene. ( The man shot by military sentry).

·         Japanese-American relocation / Gardening / Women / Government officials

o        Description: This page contains information about Mountain View, California. John Bird, former Director of Information for the War Relocation Authority, speaks to a young woman who is weeding a garlic field in Santa Clara County. Farmers and other evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be given opportunities to follow their callings at War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Geese / Lakes & ponds / Waterfronts

o        Description: This page contains information about Tule Lake Relocation Center, Tule Lake California. View of Canadian Honker geese in formation over Tule Lake Sump Wildlife Refuge. The geese nest here and may be seen the year around. In this area in Modoc County, south of the Oregon border, a War Relocation Authority center is being built for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Government officials / Porches / Farmers / Evacuations / Documents / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about San Jose, California. John W. Abbott, chief field investigator for the Tolan Congressional Defense Committee on Migration, is shown speaking to a young celery grower, on March 27, 1942, who has just completed arrangements for leasing his farm during evacuation. He holds the lease document in his hand. He and his sisters were evacuated on May 9, 1942 to Tanforan Assembly center. Evacuees will be transferred to War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Government officials / Porches / Farmers / Evacuations / Documents / Women

o        Description: This page contains information about Near San Jose, California. This farm owner of Japanese ancestry has just completed arrangements for leasing his acreage, buildings, and equipment for the duration of his evacuation to a War Relocation Authority center. His sisters can be seen in the background.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Grandstands / Racetracks / Housing / Japanese-American assembly centers

o        Description: This page contains information about Arcadia, California. This former race track, with grandstand in Background, has now turned into an assembly center for temporarily housing thousands of evacuees of Japanese ancestry until they can be moved to a War Relocation Authority center to spend the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Grocery stores / Evacuations / Signs / Closed businesses

o        Description: This page contains information about Oakland, California. Following evacuation orders, this store, at 13th and Franklin Streets, was closed. The owner, a University of California graduate of Japanese descent, placed the “I AM AN AMERICAN“ sign on the store front on Dec. 8, the day after Pearl Harbor. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Hills / Relocation camps

o        Description: This page contains information about Tule Lake, California. A panoramic view showing a portion of the site for the Tule Lake War Relocation Authority center.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Hoisting machinery / Japanese-Americans / Relocation camps / Construction / Fire engines & equipment

o        Description: This page contains information about Poston, Arizona. Tom Nishimura watches workmen install fire hydrants at this relocation center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Hospitals / Japanese-American assembly centers

o        Description: This page contains information about San Bruno, California. Two babies were delivered in the hospital, shown here, this morning by a Japanese doctor (woman) assisted by registered nurses.

·         Japanese-American relocation / Houses / Billboards / Evacuations

o        Description: This page contains information about San Fransisco, California. While American troops were going in action on far-flung fronts, residents of Japanese ancestry were being evacuated from this neighborhood on Post Street. Evacuees will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.

Previous  |  Next

Back to the Gallery of the Open Frontier